Glossary
This glossary explains technical terms, abbreviations and acronyms. All words, which are listed in the glossary, are marked in the texts of the chapters. The long name of abbreviations can be read when scrolling with the mouse courser on it.
- handicap
Handicap refers to the limitations of a person in fulfilling a social role due to his/her impairment. However, this term has been increasingly criticised by disability movement stakeholders; indeed, it has been dropped from the new World Health Organization classification.- HDI
- Human Development Index
The Human Development Index (HDI) was developed in 1990 and measures the average achievement in a country according to three basic dimensions of human development:- A long and healthy life, as measured by life expectancy at birth.
- Knowledge, as measured by the adult literacy rate (given a two-thirds weight) and the combined primary, secondary and tertiary gross enrolment ratio (one-third weight).
- A decent standard of living, as measured by GDP per capita at purchasing power parity (PPP) in USD.
- HIPC
- Highly Indepted Poor Countries
The HIPC Initiative commenced in 1996 and was reviewed in 1999, and is designed to reduce the debt of these countries classified as highly indebted and poor. Basically, the richer countries promised to give debt relief if these countries fulfil specific conditions. - Human Rights
These are the rights that every human being automatically qualifies for at birth. They cannot be denied because of the colour of one’s skin, religion, age or other personal factors. Central to the concept of human rights is the protection of human dignity. Human rights are manifested by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which was adopted in 1948 by the United Nations.
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